1. The Battle of Ice (1242)
   Prince Alexander Nevsky defeated the Livonian Order knights on the ice of Lake Peipus. This victory halted the westward expansion of Europe into Russian lands and demonstrated the superiority of Russian tactics over heavy European cavalry.
2. The Battle of Kulikovo (1380)
   The army of Dmitry Donskoy inflicted a crushing defeat on the Tatar ruler Mamai. This battle became a turning point in the struggle against the Golden Horde and strengthened Moscow's leadership among the Russian principalities.
3. The Liberation of Moscow (1612)
   The people's militia under the leadership of Minin and Pozharsky expelled the Polish interlopers from the capital. This victory ended the Time of Troubles and restored the independence of the Russian state.
4. The Battle of Poltava (1709)
   The Russian army under the command of Peter the Great routed the Swedish king Charles XII. This victory predetermined the outcome of the Northern War and turned Russia into a great European power.
5. The Battle of Gangut (1714)
   The first major naval victory of the Russian fleet over the Swedes under the command of Peter the Great. The Battle of Gangut marked the beginning of the glorious traditions of the Russian navy.
6. The Capture of Izmail (1790)
   Alexander Suvorov captured the impregnable Turkish fortress of Izmail by storm. This feat was the pinnacle of Suvorov's military genius and decided the outcome of the Russian-Turkish War.
7. The Victory at Cape Tendra (1790)
   Admiral Fyodor Ushakov's fleet routed the Turkish fleet. This naval victory ensured Russian naval dominance in the Black Sea.
8. The Battle of Borodino (1812)
   The Russian forces under the command of Mikhail Kutuzov withstood the army of Napoleon. Although the battle was bloody, it bled the French army and deprived it of strategic initiative.
9. The Battle of Sinop (1853)
   Vice Admiral Pavel Nakhimov's fleet destroyed the Turkish fleet in the Sinop Bay. This was the last major battle of the era of sail and a brilliant tactical success for Russia.
10. The Battle for Moscow, the Battle of Stalingrad, and the Battle of Kursk (1941–1943)
    During the Great Patriotic War, Soviet troops under the command of Georgy Zhukov and other commanders achieved three epochal victories: the counteroffensive under Moscow, the destruction of the Germans in Stalingrad, and the victory on the Kursk Bulge. These battles turned the tide of World War II and became symbols of the steadfastness and heroism of the Soviet people.

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